Aim: to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which anti-aging cosmetic products influence collagen and elastin synthesis in the skin. Object and methods of research. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and comparative studies of cosmetic ingredients for anti-aging in vivo and in vitro, as well as guidelines published from June 2020 to March 2025, were selected from the bibliographic databases Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. Results. Retinoids, ascorbic acid, peptides, hyaluronic acid, bakuchiol, and growth factors have shown varying abilities to stimulate collagen and elastin synthesis through fibroblast activation and modulation of ECM gene expression. The evidence for effective collagenogenesis with anti-aging active ingredients is more robust than the evidence for effects on elastogenesis. The delivery systems and formulations of cosmetic products can critically influence the results of studies. Conclusion. Anti-aging cosmetic ingredients enhance collagen production and positively affect skin conditions. The evidence for the effectiveness of increasing elastin synthesis remains less robust than the evidence for collagen stimulation, highlighting the need for further research.