The conceptual issues of the involvement of the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in the general continuum of non-communicable diseases are considered in the article. Aim: to improve the knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of non-communicable diseases by conceptualizing the issues of systemic involvement of the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in their general continuum. The object of the study: to identify, summarize the issues of systemic involvement of the mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in non-communicable diseases, followed by a conceptual restoration in the cardiovascular and general continuum of non-communicable diseases. Research methods: general scientific, theoretical, logical methods and normative rules. Results. Part I presents generalized issues of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of non-communicable diseases, identification of mechanisms and ways of primary prevention. Mitochondrial dysfunction is conceptualized as a universal pathogenetic mechanism. Conclusions. Mitochondrial dysfunction determines the etiopathogenetic basis for the transition of the human body from a state of functional health to pathology with the gradual onset and progression of non-communicable diseases. Emphasis in the introduction of a healthy lifestyle among all segments of the population in order to prevent non-communicable diseases should be placed on: 1) preventing excess intake of food substrates (overeating); 2) avoidance of frequent, constant eating; 3) adequate nutriceptive provision of the diet; 4) prevention of hypodynamia; 5) the need to use ecological, natural food products with sufficient fiber content, normal shelf life; 6) absence of bad habits; 7) expediency of life in an ecologically clean environment.