Some issues in the management of patients with cerebrovascular pathology

Cerebrovascular diseases continue to be a major medical and social problem. This is due to their high share in the structure of diseases and mortality of the population, significant indicators of temporary (or permanent) disability and primary disability. Mortality from vascular diseases ranks second in the structure of overall mortality after cancer. The mortality rate in the acute stage of all types of strokes is approximately 30–35% and increases by 15–20% by the end of the first year. In addition, there are at least 1 million people in Ukraine who suffer from chronic forms of cerebrovascular disease with transformation into vascular dementia. The vascular system of the brain changes in all directions in these diseases. The main arteries of the head, large extracranial and intracranial vessels, as well as the microcirculatory bed, change in cerebral atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension through a decrease in blood flow or an increase in intravascular pressure. Morphological changes in the brain in this case are adaptive, destructive, and reparative processes. Their severity, duration, and prevalence are not the same at each of the main structural and functional levels. The aim of our study was to identify unresolved issues related to vascular diseases of the brain, to resolve the issue of providing the medical care.