Objective: to investigate the effect of controlled prolonged hyperglycemia on the restoration of liver functions and improvement of general condition in patients with mechanical jaundice secondary to choledocholithiasis. Materials and methods. We conducted a prospective randomized cohort study, evaluating the effect of controlled prolonged hyperglycemia on the restoration of liver functions and improvement of general condition in patients with mechanical jaundice secondary to choledocholithiasis. The study participants were randomly assigned to two groups: a controlled prolonged hyperglycemia group, where blood glucose levels were maintained at 10–12 mmol/L, and a control group. Results. The therapeutic hyperglycemia group showed significantly faster improvement in biochemical and clinical parameters compared with the control group. During the 21-day study period, there were decreases in serum bilirubin, liver enzyme activities, and systemic inflammation markers, with the most significant differences observed during the first week of treatment. Conclusion. Controlled prolonged hyperglycemia is a promising strategy for improving clinical and biochemical outcomes in patients with mechanical jaundice due to choledocholithiasis. However, the results of this study are preliminary and need to be confirmed by larger multicenter studies. The creation of standardized protocols and safety guidelines will be essential for the wider implementation of this approach in clinical practice.