Emergency conditions in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Provision of emergency medical care

Today, due to the military operations in Ukraine, the number of patients with maxillofacial injuries has increased significantly. Emergency medical services personnel, paramedics, and emergency department physicians must have a clear understanding of the algorithms for diagnosing such injuries, assessing the status of vital systems, and providing timely care followed by hospitalization at specialized facilities. An anatomical feature of the maxillofacial region is a branched vascular network set against a background of a significant volume of loose subcutaneous tissue. This, in turn, leads to pronounced swelling and hematomas even with minor injuries. Facial injuries are often accompanied by damage to branches of the trigeminal nerve, salivary glands, large blood vessels, and nerves of the larynx and pharynx. In some cases, these injuries are accompanied by traumatic brain injury of varying severity, which significantly complicate diagnosis and the provision of medical care.