Neurological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus

The article is devoted to the study of neurological and neuropsychological symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which are one of the most frequent and typical manifestations of the disease. However, despite the widespread prevalence of these disorders, there is currently no unified view on their classification, structure and prevalence. Aim: to characterize the neurological and neuropsychological symptoms of patients with SLE. Object of the study: neurological and neuropsychological symptoms in 64 patients with SLE. Results. The time interval from the debut of SLE to the development of neurological manifestations ranged from 0 days to 35 years and was 38.5 months (15.0; 62.0) on the median. In 26.56% of patients, the first clinical manifestations of SLE coincided with the onset of neurological symptoms, i.e. in more than a quarter of the examined, the disease debuted precisely with neurological disorders. In the structure of neurological symptoms, the leading positions in terms of specific weight were occupied by the following manifestations (in decreasing order of frequency): fatigue (8.4%), decreased concentration of attention (8.2%), headache (8.0%), anxiety (7.4%), memory impairment (7.4%) and depressed mood (7.0%). The least common were pain in the extremities (3.6%), epileptic paroxysms (3.2%) and hyperkinesis (1.0%). Conclusions. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are one of the typical manifestations of SLE. Neurological manifestations in SLE are characteri­zed by variability in the time of onset and significant clinical heterogeneity. In more than a quarter of patients, the disease debuts with neurological symptoms. Patients with neuropsychiatric SLE are characterized by pronounced polysymptoms.