Paraproteinemic polyneuropathy: a review of the problem and clinical observation

The article is devoted to the problem of peripheral nervous system damage in myeloma. Information is provided on the clinical course and types of peripheral nervous system damage in myeloma, attention is focused on the common features of the course of paraproteinemic polyneuropathy and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. An example of a clinical case of a patient with myeloma is provided, where manifestations of disorders in the nervous system clinically preceded systemic manifestations of the underlying disease; the features of the symptoms, course, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of this disease are indicated.

References

1. Traub R., Qarni T., Cohen A.D., Karam C. (2024) Paraproteinemic neuropathies. Muscle Nerve, 70(2): 173–179. doi: 10.1002/mus.28164.
2. Beydoun S.R., Darki L. (2023) Paraproteinemic Neuropathies. Continuum (Minneap Minn), 29(5): 1492–1513. doi: 10.1212/CON.0000000000001294.
3. Živković S.A., Lacomis D., Lentzsch S. (2009) Paraproteinemic neuropathy. Leukemia & Lymphoma, 50(9): 1422–1433. doi: 10.1080/1042819090311192.
4. Koike H., Katsuno M. (2021) Paraproteinemia and neuropathy. Neurol. Sci., 42(11): 4489–4501. doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05583-7.
5. Kelly J.J.Jr., Kyle R.A., O’Brien P.C. et al. (1981) Prevalence of monoclonal protein in peripheral neuropathy. Neurology, 31: 1480–1483.
6. Rison R.A., Beydoun S.R. (2016) Paraproteinemic neuropathy: a practical review. BMC Neurol., 16(1). doi: 10.1186/s12883-016-0532-4.
7. Nobile-Orazio E., Barbieri S., Baldini L. et al. (1992) Peripheral neuropathy in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: prevalence and immunopathogenetic studies. Acta Neurol. Scand., 85(6): 383–390.
8. Gorson K.C. (1999) Clinical features, evaluation, and treatment of patients with polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). J. Clin. Apher., 14(3): 149–153.
9. Rodriguez-Otero P., Paiva B., San-Miguel J.F. (2021) Roadmap to cure multiple myeloma. Cancer Treatment Reviews, 100: 102284. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2021.10228.
10. Landau H.J., Yellapantula V., Diamond B.T. et al. (2020) Accelerated single cell seeding in relapsed multiple myeloma. Nat. Commun., 11(1): 3617. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-17459-z.
11. Chaudhry H.M., Mauermann M.L., Rajkumar S.V. (2017) Monoclonal Gammopathy-Associated Peripheral Neuropathy: Diagnosis and Management. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(5), 838–850. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.02.003.
12. Saperstein D.S., Katz J.S., Amato A.A., Barohn R.J. (2001) Clinical spectrum of chronic acquired demyelinating polyneuropathies. Muscle Nerve, 24(3): 311–324.
13. Suarez G.A., Kelly J.J.Jr. (1993) Polyneuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: further evidence that IgM-MGUS neuropathies are different than IgG-MGUS. Neurology, 43(7): 1304–1308.
14. Ramchandren S., Lewis R.A. (2012) An update on monoclonal gammopathy and neuropathy. Curr. Neurol. Neurosci. Rep., 12(1): 102–110.
15. Dalakas M.C., Rakocevic G., Salajegheh M. et al. (2009) Placebocontrolled trial of rituximab in IgM anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein antibody demyelinating neuropathy. Ann. Neurol., 65(3): 286–293.