The purpose of this study is to improve the design of presented on the market percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy drainages as a means to improve the diagnostic timeliness and accuracy regarding the development of intra- and post-procedural complications, as well as to investigate the effectiveness of the developed drainage.
Materials and methods. A drainage for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy has been developed, which contains an additional channel for a «catcher» drain installation into the abdominal cavity that allows bile leakage control and cytological surveillance. A retrospective study was conducted on 24 patients with mechanical jaundice who underwent percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy between 2023 and 2024 was performed. Data on patient demographics, underlying conditions, procedural details, and post-procedural outcomes were collected and systematically analyzed.
Results. Clinically significant bile leaks were observed in 1 (4%) case out of the 24 patients in whom the presented drainage was used for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy. The developed drainage made it possible to quickly and reliably detect the development of complications and carry out their timely correction, which made possible the prevention of the development of such formidable complications as biliary ascites and peritonitis.
Conclusion. Despite its generally recognized safety, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy carries risks of such complications as bile leakage, hemorrhage, infection, and draining catheter dislodgement, which have significant consequences in the treatment of patients afflicted with mechanical jaundice. The developed model of drainage with a «catcher» tube channel allows timely and effective detection of the development of intra- and post-procedural complications, which is of crucial importance for timely medical intervention aimed at their correction, and therefore provides the most optimal strategy for performing percutaneous transhepatic cholangiostomy.
