Inhalation use of hypertonic 3% solution of sodium chloride in children in world practice

According to the Global Burden of Disease Study, the use of antibiotics prevents mortality from lower respiratory tract infections in 30.2% of cases. However, when using them, the development of resistance is often observed, that’s why it is worth to pay attention to nebulizer therapy with anti-inflammatory agents, the appointment of which would reduce the severity of inflammation in the respiratory tract in the early stages of treatment and prevent the progression of respiratory diseases and prescribing antibiotics. 3% hypertonic solution of sodium chloride is one of the powerful anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agents. The guidelines of the American Academy of Pediatrics indicate that inhalation use of 3% saline is a safe and effective way to relieve the symptoms of mild to moderate bronchiolitis after 24 hours of use and to reduce the length of hospitalization when it is more, than 3 days. Hypertonic solution of sodium chloride is included in the list of mandatory prescriptions in the treatment of patients with cystic fibrosis. However, some researchers report that during long-term inhalations with a hypertonic saline, the development of such side effects as: intense cough, bronchospasm, shortness of breath, throat irritation, a feeling of tightness in the chest and a salty taste can be noted. In this aspect, the combination of 3% saline with hyaluronic acid is useful, which will reduce the severity of side effects that can be observed during monotherapy with hypertonic saline, improving mucus removal and increasing the effectiveness of treatment of respiratory diseases in children.

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