Autoimmune diseases in gastroenterology: current state of the problem | Ukrainian Medical Journal

The article highlights the current state of distribution, risks of development, and methods of treatment of autoimmune diseases in gastroenterology. The aim of the study was to identify and analyze the current state of the problem of autoimmune diseases in gastroenterology. The content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific sources, bibliosemantic and analytical research methods were used. The current state of the problem of autoimmune diseases of the hepatobiliary system and the gastrointestinal tract is analyzed, their prevalence, modern methods of diagnosis and treatment are studied. Today, the search for early diagnosis and effective treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis and biliary cirrhosis, atrophic gastritis, autoimmune pancreatitis, ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, and IgG4-related diseases, continues. The main marker for the detection of autoimmune diseases associated with IgG4 is its detection in blood serum and biopsies. It has been shown that histology alone is the basis for the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis, as there is no specific serological marker for the detection of this disease. For the diagnosis and screening of autoimmune atrophic gastritis, an invasive method, gastroscopy, is used along with non-invasive (serological) diagnostic methods. Diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease remains one of the most serious problems in gastroenterology practice. No definitive treatment has been found that can change the course of autoimmune diseases, so the search for biological targets for their treatment is actively ongoing.

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