Modern mechanisms and strategies of pharmacotherapy of remyelination in multiple sclerosis | Ukrainian Medical Journal

Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by demyelination, loss of oligodendroglia and axonal pathology. Although significant progress has been made in developing immunomodulatory treatments to reduce myelin damage and slow the progression of multiple sclerosis, treatment options for many pathophysiological aspects of the disease are lacking. Currently available immune-centered treatments can reduce the immune-mediated damage found in multiple sclerosis patients, but they cannot eliminate possible remyelination failure or irreversible neuronal damage that occurs during multiple sclerosis progression. Recent advances have provided a better understanding of remyelination processes, including the progression of oligodendrocyte cells after demyelination. In addition, new results have been obtained that highlight the various components of the microenvironment that contribute to myelin repair and axon repair. The difficulties of myelin recovery after immune-mediated central nervous system damage, the contribution of experimental models of multiple sclerosis in providing an understanding of myelin recovery, as well as current and potential therapeutic targets associated with remyelination are considered.

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