Hypertrophy of Adenoid Vegetations Associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae in a 4-Year-Old Child: A Clinical Case and Modern Multidisciplinary Approach

Borovets V.M.

Main
Publications
Hypertrophy of Adenoid Vegetations Associated with Streptococcus pneumoniae in a 4-Year-Old Child: A Clinical Case and Modern Multidisciplinary Approach

May 29, 2026

193

Otorhinolaryngology

Pediatrics

Borovets V.M.

УДК: 616.21-007.61

DOI: 10.32471/umj.1680-3051.277242

Keywords :

otitis media with effusion,

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Specialities :

Otorhinolaryngology

Pediatrics

Resume

Hypertrophy of adenoid vegetations is one of the most common causes of chronic nasal obstruction and Eustachian tube dysfunction in preschool children. Bacterial colonization of the nasopharynx, particularly by Streptococcus pneumoniae, plays a significant role in maintaining chronic inflammation. We present a clinical case of a 4-year-old child with grade III adenoid hypertrophy, recurrent otitis media with effusion, and confirmed pneumococcal colonization of the nasopharynx. A modern perspective on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this condition is discussed.

References

1. Torretta S., Marchisio P., Drago L. et al. (2019) Nasopharyngeal biofilm-producing bacteria in adenoid hypertrophy of children with middle ear disease. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 38(2): 267–273.
2. Hakansson A.P., Orihuela C.J., Bogaert D. (2019) Bacterial-host interactions during infection and asymptomatic colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Nat. Rev. Microbiol., 16(11): 675–691.
3. Kania R.E., Lamers G.E., Vonk M.J. et al. (2019) Characterization of mucosal biofilms on human adenoid tissues. Laryngoscope, 129(1): E24–E31.
4. Simon F., Haggard M., Rosenfeld R.M. et al. (2018) International consensus (ICON) on management of otitis media with effusion in children. Eur. Ann. Otorhinolaryngol. Head Neck Dis., 135(1S): S33–S39.
5. Saafan M.E., Ibrahim W.S., Tomoum M.O. (2017) Role of adenoid biofilm in chronic otitis media with effusion in children. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol., 274(6): 2417–2425.
6. Rosenfeld R.M., Tunkel D.E., Schwartz S.R. et al. (2016) Clinical Practice Guideline: Otitis Media with Effusion (Update). Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg., 154(1 Suppl.): S1–S41.